Diese Seite bei php.net
The PHP manual text and comments are covered by the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License © the PHP Documentation Group - Impressum - mail("TO:Reinhard Neidl",...)
(PHP 4 >= 4.3.2, PHP 5)
memory_get_usage — Returns the amount of memory allocated to PHP
Returns the amount of memory, in bytes, that's currently being allocated to your PHP script.
Set this to TRUE to get the real size of memory allocated from system. If not set or FALSE only the memory used by emalloc() is reported.
Returns the memory amount in bytes.
| Version | Beschreibung |
|---|---|
| 5.2.1 | Compiling with --enable-memory-limit is no longer required for this function to exist. |
| 5.2.0 | real_usage was added. |
Beispiel #1 A memory_get_usage() example
<?php
// This is only an example, the numbers below will
// differ depending on your system
echo memory_get_usage() . "\n"; // 36640
$a = str_repeat("Hello", 4242);
echo memory_get_usage() . "\n"; // 57960
unset($a);
echo memory_get_usage() . "\n"; // 36744
?>
It is claimed that this function calls the PHP memory garbage collector by some of the commenters.
A quick check of the source code (PHP 5.2.9) shows that this function does not do any garbage collection.
From var.c:
ZEND_API size_t zend_memory_usage(int real_usage TSRMLS_DC)
{
if (real_usage) {
return AG(mm_heap)->real_size;
} else {
#if MEMORY_LIMIT
return AG(mm_heap)->size;
#else
return AG(mm_heap)->real_size;
#endif
}
}
And from zend_alloc.c
/* {{{ proto int memory_get_usage([real_usage])
Returns the allocated by PHP memory */
PHP_FUNCTION(memory_get_usage) {
zend_bool real_usage = 0;
if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "|b", &real_usage) == FAILURE) {
RETURN_FALSE;
}
RETURN_LONG(zend_memory_usage(real_usage TSRMLS_CC));
}
/* }}} */
I can confirm that this function triggers a garbage collection. I have a script that exceeded 128MB of memory at some point and ended with a fatal error. I was confused, because the script dealt with some large files initially, but the memory load from that point on should have been marginal, and the error occurred at the very end.
Those large files were dealt in a dedicated function and i even used unset() on the variable holding the file after the file was written to disk inside that function. So the memory should have been cleared twice, first after the unset() call, and second once the function ended.
To debug the memory usage, I called memory_get_usage(true) at some points and echo-ed the memory allocation. Just by adding a few echos here and there in the script, the memory usage never exceeded 1MB overhead (on top of the current file size) and the memory error disappeared.
To get the memory usage in KB or MB
<?php
function convert($size)
{
$unit=array('b','kb','mb','gb','tb','pb');
return @round($size/pow(1024,($i=floor(log($size,1024)))),2).' '.$unit[$i];
}
echo convert(memory_get_usage(true)); // 123 kb
?>
not sure how this works internally but I have observed sort of side effects here: calling this function apparently triggers PHP's "garbage collector" -- and frees some memory. I managed to "fix" some savagely coded mess of a web application solely by calling this function just before the code that would usually throw out-of-memory errors. the php version there was 5.2.10
To get the memory usage in KB or MB
<?php
function echo_memory_usage() {
$mem_usage = memory_get_usage(true);
if ($mem_usage < 1024)
echo $mem_usage." bytes";
elseif ($mem_usage < 1048576)
echo round($mem_usage/1024,2)." kilobytes";
else
echo round($mem_usage/1048576,2)." megabytes";
echo "<br/>";
}
?>
Decision a memory_get_usage problem for windows system
Tested OS: Windows XP
Server: Apache
PHP must be loaded as CGI to get correctly memory usage by Process ID ( getmypid() ) and with cmd-tools like tasklist.exe
PHP as CGI have your own PID instead constant Apache PID and you get a true memory size independed form Apache memory usage.
Configure in httpd.conf of Apache:
1. Comment the line like this:
LoadModule php4_module "/usr/local/php/sapi/php4apache.dll"
or
LoadModule php5_module "/usr/local/php5/php5apache.dll"
2. Add this and edit your path to php:
<Directory "z:/usr/local/php">
Options ExecCGI
</Directory>
ScriptAlias "/__php_dir__/" "z:/usr/local/php/"
Action application/x-httpd-php "/__php_dir__/php.exe"
3. Restart Apache
Use this PHP-code:
<?php
/**
* A memory_get_usage() for Windows System, wich compiled without --enable-memory-limit
* PHP must be loaded as CGI
* Greetings form miteigi nemoto
* @return string
*/
function memory_get_usage_by_tasklist()
{
$output = array();
exec( 'tasklist ', $output );
foreach ($output as $value)
{
$ex=explode(" ",$value);
$count_ex=count($ex);
if (eregi(" ".getmypid()." Console",$value))
{
$memory_size=$ex[$count_ex-2]." Kb";
return $memory_size;
}
}
}
echo memory_get_usage_by_tasklist();
?>
A note to the previous post, it depends on how you've setup PHP. If you've set it up via CGI/FastCGI you will get the PHP process size.
If you are using a module, you will get the whole process that loads the module.
Regarding the function posted by
e dot a dot schultz at gmail dot com
I am running XAMPP on a windows box and the memory usage that the function is giving me is for the entire instance of apache.exe. Thats a lot more memory than my single PHP process. Maybe this works as expected on IIS, but not on apache! (I am getting a report of about 26MB on win vs. only 700k on Linux).
the various memory_get_usage replacements here don't seem to work on Mac OS X 10.4(Intel)
I got it to work like this...
<?php
function memory_get_usage()
{
$pid = getmypid();
exec("ps -o rss -p $pid", $output);
return $output[1] *1024;
}
?>
This is a function that should work for both Windows XP/2003 and most distrabutions of UNIX and Mac OS X.
<?php
if( !function_exists('memory_get_usage') )
{
function memory_get_usage()
{
//If its Windows
//Tested on Win XP Pro SP2. Should work on Win 2003 Server too
//Doesn't work for 2000
//If you need it to work for 2000 look at http://us2.php.net/manual/en/function.memory-get-usage.php#54642
if ( substr(PHP_OS,0,3) == 'WIN')
{
if ( substr( PHP_OS, 0, 3 ) == 'WIN' )
{
$output = array();
exec( 'tasklist /FI "PID eq ' . getmypid() . '" /FO LIST', $output );
return preg_replace( '/[\D]/', '', $output[5] ) * 1024;
}
}else
{
//We now assume the OS is UNIX
//Tested on Mac OS X 10.4.6 and Linux Red Hat Enterprise 4
//This should work on most UNIX systems
$pid = getmypid();
exec("ps -eo%mem,rss,pid | grep $pid", $output);
$output = explode(" ", $output[0]);
//rss is given in 1024 byte units
return $output[1] * 1024;
}
}
}
?>
<?php
// Original from http://php.net/memory_get_usage by websjwans at hotmail dot com. Thanks alot!
if ( ! function_exists( 'memory_get_usage' ) ):
// Only define function if it doesn't exist
function memory_get_usage()
{
// If we are running on Windows
if ( substr( PHP_OS, 0, 3 ) == 'WIN' ):
$output = array();
// Should check whether tasklist is available, but I'm lazy
exec( 'tasklist /FI "PID eq ' . getmypid() . '" /FO LIST', $output );
// Filter non-numeric characters from output. Why not use substr & strpos?
// I'm running Windows XP Pro Dutch, and it's output does not match the
// English variant, as will all other translations. This is a more generic
// approach, and has a better chance of actually working
return preg_replace( '/[^0-9]/', '', $output[5] ) * 1024;
// Tasklist outputs memory usage in kilobytes, memory_get_usage in bytes.
// So we multiply by 1024 and in the process convert from string to integer.
else:
return false;
endif;
}
endif;
?>
Works for me. Functionality should match memory_get_usage(), albeit slower (exec & regex). Have fun!
- Peter Odding
Oops, that was a question.
I'll change it to a note simply:
Note: This is NOT enabled at all in the Win32 builds.
Best regards
If nothing else in the user notes below works for you, you can get a very (VERY) rough estimate of PHP memory usage by outputting the $GLOBALS array, stripping it of indentation whitespace, and counting the characters in the resulting string. This method has a very high overhead (to be expected), but works on all operating systems, regardless of whether or not they have the --enable-memory-limit config option set. I find that the syntax overhead of the print_r() statement roughly accounts for the PHP runtime base memory usage.
The code below is set up to work on all arrays, not just the $GLOBALS array. Keep in mind that outside data referenced by resource IDs, such as database results and open file data, is not included in this total.
<?php
function array_size($arr) {
ob_start();
print_r($arr);
$mem = ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
$mem = preg_replace("/\n +/", "", $mem);
$mem = strlen($mem);
return $mem;
}
$memEstimate = array_size($GLOBALS);
?>
Use only if being off to either side by at least 20% is acceptible for your purposes.
[EDIT by danbrown AT php DOT net: This function will only extend Windows versions of PHP where the server has the required third-party software.]
I was unable to get the previous examples working properly and created code which works at least for me. Enjoy!
<?php
// Please note that you'll need the pslist.exe utility from http://www.sysinternals.com/Utilities/PsTools.html
// This is because win/2000 itself does not provide a task list utility.
//
function getMemoryUsage() {
// try to use PHP build in function
if( function_exists('memory_get_usage') ) {
return memory_get_usage();
}
// Try to get Windows memory usage via pslist command
if ( substr(PHP_OS,0,3) == 'WIN') {
$resultRow = 8;
$resultRowItemStartPosition = 34;
$resultRowItemLength = 8;
$output = array();
exec('pslist -m ' . getmypid() , $output);
return trim(substr($output[$resultRow], $resultRowItemStartPosition, $resultRowItemLength)) . ' KB';
}
// No memory functionality available at all
return '<b style="color: red;">no value</b>';
}
?>
The Win XP / 2003 workaround script will also work with windows 2000 with a few slight modifications.
Please note that you'll need the pslist.exe utility from http://www.sysinternals.com/Utilities/PsTools.html because win/2000 itself does not provide a task list utility.
<?php
function getMemUsage()
{
if (function_exists('memory_get_usage'))
{
return memory_get_usage();
}
else if ( substr(PHP_OS,0,3) == 'WIN')
{
// Windows 2000 workaround
$output = array();
exec('pslist ' . getmypid() , $output);
return trim(substr($output[8],38,10));
}
else
{
return '<b style="color: red;">no value</b>';
}
}
?>
When you need to get the OS, do not use $_SERVER['OS'] or $_ENV['OS'], better use PHP_OS constant !
<?php
if (substr(PHP_OS,0,3)=='WIN') {
// [...]
}
?>
You also have other values such as CYGWIN_NT-5.0, Linux, ... this is the best way to get system's os (anyone on linux can do an "export OS=windows")
A quick and dirty Windows XP / 2003 wordaround:
<?php
function getMemUsage()
{
if (function_exists('memory_get_usage'))
{
return memory_get_usage();
}
else if ( strpos( strtolower($_SERVER["OS"]), 'windows') !== false)
{
// Windows workaround
$output = array();
exec('tasklist /FI "PID eq ' . getmypid() . '" /FO LIST', $output);
return substr($output[5], strpos($output[5], ':') + 1);
}
else
{
return '<b style="color: red;">no value</b>';
}
}
?>
[EDIT by danbrown AT php DOT net: This is intended by the author to only be used with PHP 4 < 4.3.2.]
I'd just like to point out that although sandeepc at myrealbox dot com's idea for displaying the current memory usage is a good one, it's perhaps a bad idea to pipe the entire process list through grep. A better performing method would be to select only the process we're interested in:
<?php
$pid = getmypid();
error_log('MEMORY USAGE (% KB PID ): ' . `ps --pid $pid --no-headers -o%mem,rss,pid`);
?>
True, it's not much of a performance boost, but every bit helps.
The method sandeepc at myrealbox dot com posted yields larger memory usage, my guess is that it includes all the PHP interpreter/internal code and not just the script being run.
1) Use ps command
MEMORY USAGE (% KB PID ): 0.8 12588 25087 -> about 12MB
2) Use memory_get_usage()
int(6041952) -> about 6MB
To get this in pre-4.3.2 do (works on unix like systems only):
$my_pid = getmypid();
error_log("MEMORY USAGE (% KB PID ): ".`ps -eo%mem,rss,pid | grep $my_pid`);
found this tip somewhere in bugs.php.net!
Diese Seite bei php.net