PHP Doku:: Das ArrayAccess-Interface - class.arrayaccess.html

Verlauf / Chronik / History: (1) anzeigen

Sie sind hier:
Doku-StartseitePHP-HandbuchSprachreferenzVordefinierte InterfacesDas ArrayAccess-Interface

Ein Service von Reinhard Neidl - Webprogrammierung.

Vordefinierte Interfaces

<<IteratorAggregate::getIterator

ArrayAccess::offsetExists>>


UnterSeiten:

Das ArrayAccess-Interface

Einführung

Interface, um Objekte als Arrays ansprechen zu können

Interface-Übersicht

ArrayAccess {
/* Methoden */
abstract public boolean offsetExists ( mixed $offset )
abstract public mixed offsetGet ( mixed $offset )
abstract public void offsetSet ( mixed $offset , mixed $value )
abstract public void offsetUnset ( mixed $offset )
}

Beispiel #1 Basisnutzung

<?php
class obj implements arrayaccess {
    private 
$container = array();
    public function 
__construct() {
        
$this->container = array(
            
"eins"  => 1,
            
"zwei"  => 2,
            
"drei"  => 3,
        );
    }
    public function 
offsetSet($offset$value) {
        
$this->container[$offset] = $value;
    }
    public function 
offsetExists($offset) {
        return isset(
$this->container[$offset]);
    }
    public function 
offsetUnset($offset) {
        unset(
$this->container[$offset]);
    }
    public function 
offsetGet($offset) {
        return isset(
$this->container[$offset]) ? $this->container[$offset] : null;
    }
}

$obj = new obj;

var_dump(isset($obj["zwei"]));
var_dump($obj["zwei"]);
unset(
$obj["zwei"]);
var_dump(isset($obj["zwei"]));
$obj["zwei"] = "Ein Wert";
var_dump($obj["zwei"]);

?>

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt eine ähnliche Ausgabe wie:

bool(true)
int(2)
bool(false)
string(7) "Ein Wert"

Inhaltsverzeichnis


4 BenutzerBeiträge:
- Beiträge aktualisieren...
uramihsayibok, gmail, com
5.08.2010 12:34
If you find yourself facing the dreaded "Indirect modification of overloaded element of $class has no effect" then don't worry too much: there's a clever solution. While you *CANNOT* return by-reference with offsetGet, you can return objects which _also_ implement ArrayAccess...

Example:
<?php

// sanity and error checking omitted for brevity
// note: it's a good idea to implement arrayaccess + countable + an
// iterator interface (like iteratoraggregate) as a triplet

class RecursiveArrayAccess implements ArrayAccess {

    private
$data = array();

   
// necessary for deep copies
   
public function __clone() {
        foreach (
$this->data as $key => $value) if ($value instanceof self) $this[$key] = clone $value;
    }

    public function
__construct(array $data = array()) {
        foreach (
$data as $key => $value) $this[$key] = $value;
    }

    public function
offsetSet($offset, $data) {
        if (
is_array($data)) $data = new self($data);
        if (
$offset === null) { // don't forget this!
           
$this->data[] = $data;
        } else {
           
$this->data[$offset] = $data;
        }
    }

    public function
toArray() {
       
$data = $this->data;
        foreach (
$data as $key => $value) if ($value instanceof self) $data[$key] = $value->toArray();
        return
$data;
    }

   
// as normal
   
public function offsetGet($offset) { return $this->data[$offset]; }
    public function
offsetExists($offset) { return isset($this->data[$offset]); }
    public function
offsetUnset($offset) { unset($this->data); }

}

$a = new RecursiveArrayAccess();
$a[0] = array(1=>"foo", 2=>array(3=>"bar", 4=>array(5=>"bz")));
// oops. typo
$a[0][2][4][5] = "baz";

//var_dump($a);
//var_dump($a->toArray());

// isset and unset work too
//var_dump(isset($a[0][2][4][5])); // equivalent to $a[0][2][4]->offsetExists(5)
//unset($a[0][2][4][5]); // equivalent to $a[0][2][4]->offsetUnset(5);

// if __clone wasn't implemented then cloning would produce a shallow copy, and
$b = clone $a;
$b[0][2][4][5] = "xyzzy";
// would affect $a's data too
//echo $a[0][2][4][5]; // still "baz"

?>
max at flashdroid dot com
6.04.2010 3:49
Objects implementing ArrayAccess may return objects by references in PHP 5.3.0.

You can implement your ArrayAccess object like this:

    class Reflectable implements ArrayAccess {

        public function set($name, $value) {
            $this->{$name} = $value;
        }

        public function &get($name) {
            return $this->{$name};
        }

        public function offsetGet($offset) {
            return $this->get($offset);
        }

        public function offsetSet($offset, $value) {
            $this->set($offset, $value);
        }

        ...

    }

This base class allows you to get / set your object properties using the [] operator just like in Javascript:

    class Boo extends Reflectable {
        public $name;
    }

    $obj = new Boo();
    $obj['name'] = "boo";
    echo $obj['name']; // prints boo
Cintix
29.10.2009 10:32
To take full advantages of all array features with ArrayAccess, then you would need to implements Countable and Iterator

Like this.

<?php

class ArrayOfColorModel implements ArrayAccess, Iterator, Countable {
    private
$container = array();

    public function
__construct() {
    }

    public function
offsetSet($offset,$value) {
         if (
$value instanceof ColorModel){
            if (
$offset == "") {
               
$this->container[] = $value;
            }else {
               
$this->container[$offset] = $value;
            }
        } else {
            throw new
Exception("Value have to be a instance of the Model ColorModel");
        }
    }

    public function
offsetExists($offset) {
     return isset(
$this->container[$offset]);
    }

    public function
offsetUnset($offset) {
        unset(
$this->container[$offset]);
    }

    public function
offsetGet($offset) {
        return isset(
$this->container[$offset]) ? $this->container[$offset] : null;
    }

    public function
rewind() {
       
reset($this->container);
    }

    public function
current() {
        return
current($this->container);
    }

    public function
key() {
        return
key($this->container);
    }

    public function
next() {
        return
next($this->container);
    }

    public function
valid() {
        return
$this->current() !== false;
    }   

    public function
count() {
     return
count($this->container);
    }

}

?>

Now you can using it like any other array.

<?php
   
   $array
= new ArrayOfColorModel();
   foreach (
$array as $model) {
       
var_export($model);
   }

  
// OR

  
for($i=0;$i<count($array);$i++){
       
var_export($array[$i]);
   }

?>
AryehGregor+php-comment at gmail dot com
9.01.2009 2:33
Note that at least in PHP 5.1, objects implementing ArrayAccess cannot return objects by reference.  See http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=34783 .  If you have code like

<?php
$x
= &$y[0];
?>

then this will (as far as I can tell) *always* fail unless $y is a real array -- it cannot work if $y is an object implementing ArrayAccess.  If your offsetGet() function returns by reference, you get the fatal error "Declaration of MyClass::offsetGet() must be compatible with that of ArrayAccess::offsetGet()".  If you try to have it return by value, however, you get the (contradictory) fatal error "Objects used as arrays in post/pre increment/decrement must return values by reference", at least in my version of PHP.

It is therefore not possible to take arbitrary code dealing with arrays and try to substitute an object of your own for an array, even if all of the normal array functions didn't fail as well (which they do, or at least some of them).



PHP Powered Diese Seite bei php.net
The PHP manual text and comments are covered by the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License © the PHP Documentation Group - Impressum - mail("TO:Reinhard Neidl",...)